T-nut for hopper feeding having a projection

ABSTRACT

The present invention is to avoid the flange portion of a T-nut of from overlapping the portion between the claws of another T-nut, while the T-nut is supplied on a supply track provided on a nut applying machine, and also to engage the projections formed between the claws into a fixing material when the T-nut is knocked into the fixing material. There is provided a T-nut formed of a metal material in an integrated manner, having a shank portion  49  and an octagonal or almost octagonal flange portion  50,  and two pairs of claws  55  to  58.  The shank portion  49  has a caulking portion  51  and a female screw portion  52.  The caulking portion  51  is formed thinner than the female screw portion  52.  Projections  64, 65  are provided between each of the pairs of claws, formed by bending convex portions integrally formed with the flange portion  50  toward the second end of the shank portion  49.

This application is a divisional application of prior application Ser.No. 10/860,015 filed on Jun. 4, 2004.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a t-nut, and more specifically to at-nut, or “counter bore hopper feed t-nut” having a caulking portionformed on a shank portion shaped into a cylindrical tube form. A femalescrew may be formed on the inside surface of the shank portion besidesthan the caulking portion. Several claws are formed on a flange portionthereof, which is horizontally projected outside from one end of theshank portion.

RELATED ART

FIG. 33 is a perspective view of a conventional t-nut which relates tothe present inventions.

FIG. 33 shows a t-nut 1 which is integrally formed of a metal material.The t-nut has a shank portion 2 having a first end and a second end. Thet-nut also has a flange portion 3 horizontally projected outwardly fromthe first end of the shank portion 2. The shank portion 2 is shaped intoa cylindrical tube, and a female screw 4 is formed on the inside surfacethereof. The female screw 4 is entirely formed on the inside surface ofthe shank portion 2.

The flange portion 3 has formed a first pair of claws 5, 6, and a secondpair of claws 7, 8, each extending vertically. Each of the claws inpairs faces each other, across a first direction horizontally extendingfrom the center axis of the shank portion shaped in a cylindrical tube.Each of the claws 5-8 is formed by partially cutting edges of the flangeportion and bending them up to extend along the shank portion 2.

Such a t-nut 1 is fixed on a fixing material (fixing target), such as awood. At fixing, a hole is previously formed on the fixing material. Theshank portion 2 is inserted and hammered to engage the claws 5 to 8 intothe fixing material. When the t-nut 1 is fixed on the fixing material,the t-nut 1 is avoided from rotation, and a screw component such as abolt is screw-engaged with the female screw 4 formed on the innersurface of the shank portion 2.

Such a t-nut 1 is generally called as “hopper feed t-nut.” These t-nutsare continuously supplied and fixed on a fixing material by means of anut-fixing machine. The nut-fixing machine is provided with a feedingtrack, on which the t-nuts 1 are required to be smoothly transferred.The supplying of the t-nuts in the nut-fixing machine is automatic. Firexample, U.K. Pat. No. 1,157,734 discloses details of one type of such a“hopper feed t-nut.”

Also, Japanese examined patent publication No. 3-71565, Japaneseunexamined patent publication No. 5-118317, Japanese unexamined patentpublication No. 6-323315, Japanese Patent No.3310934 and Japanese PatentNo.3310939 discloses various types of conventional t-nuts.

FIG. 33 shows a feeding track 9, as mentioned above, which is shown bydashed lines. The feeding track 9 is provided with a pair of C-shapedguide rails 10, 11. The C-shaped guide rails 10, 11 are positionedsymmetrically to each other, with an interval. Each of the guide rails10, 11 accepts the flange portion 3, and the claws 5, 6, 7 and 8 arepositioned in the interval between the guide rails 10, 11. The t-nut 1is expected to be transferred along the feeding track 9 in a givenposition. Though the drawings do not describe, the feeding track 9 maybe bent or curved in order to make the t-nut maintain the desiredposition on the feeding track 9. Thus, the t-nut is expected to keep theshank portion 2 properly aligned along the hole provided on the fixingmaterial.

However, such a fixing of the t-nut as shown in FIG. 33 is obtainedsubstantially by the claws 5 to 8, because the claws 5 to 8 are engagedinto the fixing material. As time goes by, the engaging state with thefixing material by the claws 5 to 8 may loose. The t-nut 1 may bedetached and fallen from the fixing material. Then, in order to avoidsuch problems, a t-nut 12 as shown in FIGS. 34 and 35 has been proposed.FIG. 34 shows a front view of the t-nut 12, and FIG. 35 shows a bottomview of the t-nut 12.

FIGS. 34 and 35 show a conventional t-nut 12. Similar to the t-nut 1 asshown in FIG. 33, it is integrally formed of a metal material. The t-nut12 has a shank portion 13 and a flange portion 14 horizontally andoutwardly projected from the first end of the shank portion 13. Theshank portion 13 is shaped into a cylindrical tube, having a first endand a second end. The t-nut 12 is also provided with a caulking portion15 formed at the second end of the shank portion 13. The t-nut 12 hasformed a female screw 16 on the inner surface except the caulkingportion 15. The caulking portion 15 of the shank portion 13 is thinnerthan the others of the shank portion 13.

Also, the flange portion 14 has a first pair of claws 17, 18 formed onthe first edge of the flange portion 14, and a second pair of claws 19,20 formed on the second edge of the flange portion. The claws in pairsface to each other across a first line extending from the center axis ofthe flange portion 14 shaped in a cylindrical tube. Each of the claws 17to 20 is formed by partially cutting the edges of the flange portion 14followed by bending them up so as to extend along the shank portion 13.

FIG. 36 shows the condition where the conventional t-nut 12 shown inFIGS. 34 and 35 is used and caulked. A fixing material 21, such as awood material, is previously provided with a penetrating hole 22. Then,the shank portion 13 of the t-nit 12 is inserted into the penetratinghole 22. Under the state, a caulking process is subjected to thecaulking portion 15 by means of a caulking machine. By applying suchprocess, the caulking portion 15a is opened and tightly engaged with onesurface of the fixing material 21. On the other surface of the fixingmaterial 21, the claws 17 to 20 are engaged therein. Therefore, thet-nut 12 is tightly fixed to the fixing material 21.

The t-nut 12 as shown in FIG. 36 prevents it from rotating against thefixing material 21, since the t-nut 12 is firmly fixed. In addition,since the t-nut 12 engages the flange portion 14 and the caulkingportion 15a with the fixing material 21 and, therefore, the t-nut 12 isless likely to be detached than the t-nut as shown in FIG. 33. As aresult, the fixing state is maintained semi-permanently.

In the same manner to the t-nut 1 as shown in FIG. 33, the t-nut 12shown in FIG. 34 is also adapted for a “hopper feed T-nut.” Namely, thet-nut 12 is transferred on a feeding track 9 as shown in FIG. 33.However, in the feeding track 9 of a nut-fixing machine, problemssometimes occur, because a plurality oft-nuts 12 are continuouslysupplied and transferred in the feeding track 9, and movement of thefeeding track 9 is sometimes stopped as follows:

As shown in FIG. 34, the flange portion 14 of the t-nut 14, before theclaws 17 to 20 are formed by bending them up, is almost round. Thus, thefirst edge between the first pair of the claws 17, 18, and the secondedge between the second pair of the claws 19, 20, has a curved edge 23,24, which is projected outwardly. Therefore, when a plurality of thet-nuts 12, as shown in FIGS. 34 and 35, are continuously supplied andtransferred on the feeding track 9, the adjacent flange portions 14 onthe feeding track 9 may be overlaid one above the other. As a result,the feeding of the t-nut 12 on the feeding track 9 may often be stoppedor clogged.

Meanwhile, the flange portion 3 of the t-nut 1 as shown in FIG. 33 hasan octagonal shape, as a whole, and the first edge 25 between the firstpair of the claws 5, 6, and the second edge 26 between the second pairof the claws 7, 8 are liner. Therefore, the overlaying of the flangeportions one above the other is less likely happened.

Also, another conventional t-nut 27 is shown in FIG. 32, which isintegrally formed of a metal material. The t-nut 27 as shown in FIG. 32has a shank portion 28, having a first end and a second end, and aflange portion 29 horizontally and outwardly projected from the firstend of the shank portion 28. The shank portion 28 is shaped into acylindrical tube. The t-nut 27 is also provided with a caulking portion30 at the second end of the shank portion 28. A female screw 31 isformed on the inner surface except the caulking portion 15. The caulkingportion 30 of the shank portion 28 is designed to be thinner than theother of the shank portion 30. The flange portion 29 has a first pair ofclaws 32, 33 formed on the first edge of the flange, and a second pairof claws 34, 35 formed on the second edge of the flange. Each of theclaws in pairs faces to each other across a first line extending fromthe center axis of the shank portion 28. Each of the claws 32 to 35 isformed by partially cutting the edges of the flange portion 29 followedby bending them up. In addition, each of the claws 32 to 35 isengrailed, as shown in FIG. 32, in order to improve the engagement withthe fixing material. The flange portion 29 of the t-nut 27 is almostoctagonal, and the first edge 36 between the first pair of the claws 32,33, and the second edge 37 between the second pair of the claws 34, 35are liner. Similar to the above mentioned t-nut 1 as shown in FIG. 1,the t-nut 27 is less likely causing the overlaying of the flangeportions 29 one above the other, even if a plurality of t-nut iscontinuously fed and transferred on a feeding track 9 of a nut-fixingmachine.

However, if the guide rails 10, 11 of C-shape have a broad space toaccept the flange portion and the t-nut is slid on the feeding track 9as shown in FIG. 33, there may occur the overlaying problems, even ifthe flange portion of the t-nut are almost octagonal, as shown in FIGS.32 and 33.

Then, another t-nut 29 as shown in FIG. 29 has been proposed to overcomethe drawbacks of the conventional t-nut 1 (as shown in FIG. 33), t-nut12 (as shown in FIG. 34), and t-nut 29 (as shown in FIG. 32). The t-nut38 (as shown in FIGS. 29 to 31) has projections 44, 45 formed on a firstedge between a first pair of claws 39, 40, and on a second edge betweena second pair of the claws 41, 42. The projections 44, 45 are obtainedby partially upthrowing the edges.

The projections 44, 45 of the t-nut 38 prevents the flange portions 43from overlaying one above the other, while a plurality of t-nut arecontinuously supplied and transferred on a feeding track.

However, since the projections 44, 45 are upthrown in the same directionas the claws 39 to 42, the projections cannot be engaged in the fixingtarget. In other words, when the t-nut is hammered on the fixingmaterial, the claws 39 -42 cannot be completely engaged into the fixingmaterial, due to the projection 44, 45. Therefore, t-nut of FIG. 29makes a gap between the flange portion 43 and the fixing material, evenafter engaged.

[Problems that the Invention Solves]

As mentioned above, the projections 44, 45 of the t-nut 38, as shown inFIG. 29, are formed by partially upthrowing edges of the flange portion43 in the same direction as the claws 39 to 42. Therefore, theprojections cannot be entirely engaged into the fixing material, even ifthe t-nut is knocked and hammered into the fixing material. Thus, a gapis unnecessarily generated between the surfaces of the fixing materialand the flange portion 43. Also, there may be t-nut 38 engaged with thepenetrating hole of the fixing material in a tilted manner. While afixing component such as a bolt is then applied to the engaged t-nut,screw-engaging of the female screw 47 with the fixing component resultsin improperness or unstableness.

Also, the projections 44, 45 of the t-nut 38 contact the fixing materialnear the penetrating hole formed on the fixing material. Therefore, incase of the fixing material is made of a wood or synthesis resin, thefixing material may be cracked near the penetrating hole.

Also, the projections 44, 45 make the engagement incomplete, and theshank portion 46 is eventually engaged in a tilted condition relative tothe fixing material of a wood. As a result, fine wood shavings can leaveon the female screw 47 of the shank portion 46. The fine wood shavingsare generated by shaving the inner surface of the penetrating hole atthe time of knocking or hammering. The wood shavings also interrupt acomplete engagement of a bolt with the female screw 47 on the shankportion 46 and, therefore, the fixing component cannot be firmly fixedon the fixing material.

In view of the above, it may be considerable that the shank portion ismade longer, in order to compensate the portion not to be engaged due tothe projections 44, 45. However, this may result in increasing the costfor production and sales because of increase of the amount of the metalmaterial.

The present invention has been developed in view of the above. Oneobjective of the present invention is to avoid flange portionsoverlaying one above the other, when a plurality of t-nuts arecontinuously fed and supplied on a feeding track of a nut-fixingmachine. Another objective of the present invention is to provide at-nut having a projection which avoids the overlaying, and which enablesto engage it into the fixing material when knocked and hammered.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the objectives, the present invention has beendeveloped to have the following features: According to the t-nut recitedof one aspect of the present invention, it is formed of a metal materialin an integrated manner, comprising:

a shank portion having a first end and a second end;

a flange portion extending outside from the first end of the shankportion,

wherein the shank portion is shaped in a cylindrical form having ahollow therein,

wherein the second end of the shank body has a thin thickness to beformed into a caulking portion, by the steps comprising:

-   -   determining a central portion, which is to be formed into a        center of the flange, on a metal board;    -   cupping the central portion, that is to be formed into the        flange, in a direction of a main surface of the metal board, so        as to form a cupped portion to be formed into the shank body;    -   forming a penetrating hole on a tip of the cupped portion;    -   making an second outer diameter of the tip of the cupped        portion, which is formed into the portion for caulking, thinner        than an first outer diameter of a base portion, which it to        correspond to a female screw portion, so as to the tip portion        (the portion for caulking) has the thickness thinner than the        base portion (the female screw portion);    -   shrinking an outer diameter and an inner diameter of the base        portion, and extending the base portion while almost maintaining        the thickness of the tip portion and the base portion;    -   forming a female screw on an inner surface of the base portion;        and    -   cutting an outer periphery of the flange portion to extend in a        direction from the first end to the second end, so as to form        two pairs of claws, each of the pairs being facing each other        over a first radial direction of the flange portion,

wherein the flange portion has a pair of flat portion projecting towardboth sides of the shank portion, which are on a second radial directioncrossing the first radial direction,

wherein each of the pairs of the claws comprises two claws placedadjacent to each other,

wherein each of the pairs of the claws are intervened by a linear edge,

wherein the flange portion is shaped, as a whole, into an exact oralmost octagonal form,

wherein a convex portion is formed between the two pairs of the claws,extending toward the direction of the first radial direction of theflange portion, and

wherein the convex portion is bent toward the second end to form aprojection.

According to the t-nut of the second aspect of the present invention, itis according to the first aspect, and in addition, a ring-shaped markline is formed on a border between the tip portion and the base portion,when shrinking the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the baseportion, and extending the base portion.

According to the t-nut of the third aspect of the present invention, itis formed of a metal material in an integrated manner, comprising:

a shank portion having a first end and a second end;

a flange portion extending outside from the first end of the shank;

a bump portion formed on the shank portion;

a tip-side cylinder portion formed from the second end to the bumpportion of the bump portion; and

a base-side enlarged cylinder portion formed from the first end to thebump portion of the shank portion, wherein the tip-side cylinder portioncomprises

-   -   a portion for caulking formed from the second end to have a        predetermined length, and    -   a female screw portion having a female screw, formed on a nearer        region to the bump portion than the portion for caulking, the        female screw portion having an inner diameter smaller than the        portion for caulking,

wherein an outer periphery of the flange portion is cut to extend in adirection from the first end to the second end, so as to form two pairsof claws, each of the pairs being facing each other over a first radialdirection of the flange portion,

wherein the flange portion has a pair of flat portions projecting towardboth sides of the shank portion, which are on a second radial directioncrossing the first radial direction,

wherein each of the pairs of the claws comprises two claws placedadjacent to each other;

wherein each of the pairs of the claws are intervened by a linear edge;

wherein the flange portion is shaped, as a whole, into an exact oralmost octagonal form;

wherein a convex region is formed between the two pairs of the claws,extending toward the direction of the first radial direction of theflange portion, and

wherein the convex region is bent toward the second end to form aprojection.

According to the t-nut of the fourth aspect of the present invention, itis according to the third aspect, and in addition, the base-sideenlarged cylinder portion is shaped into a hollow cylinder having bothan inner diameter and an outer diameter larger than those of thetip-side cylinder portion.

According to the t-nut of the fifth aspect of the present invention, itis according to the fourth aspect, and in addition, the female screw ofthe female screw portion of the tip-side cylinder portion iscontinuously formed on an inner surface of the base-side enlargedcylinder portion, to extend to a predetermined length from the bumpportion

According to the t-nut of the sixth aspect of the present invention, itis according to any of the third, fourth and fifth aspects, and inaddition, the caulking portion of the shank portion has an innerdiameter larger than, and a thickness thinner than, those of the femalescrew portion.

According to the t-nut of the seventh aspect of the present invention,it is according to any of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, andsixth aspect, and in addition, the convex portion is formed such thatboth side of the convex portion are adjacent to each of the claws ofeach of the pairs, and wherein the convex portion is bent toward thesecond end so as to form the projection.

According to the t-nut of the eighth aspect of the present invention, itis according to any of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixthand seventh aspect, and in addition, between each of the pairs of theclaws, 55, 56, and 57, 58, the projection 64, 65 are formed via a frontsupply periphery 50 a and a back supply periphery 50 b,

wherein the front supply periphery 50 a is engaged with the back supplyperiphery 50 b while the T-nut is supplied on a supply track provided ona nut applying machine, for fixing the T-nut on a fixing material,

wherein the projection provided on the front supply periphery 50 a orthe back supply periphery 50 b of one T-nut is engaged with theprojection provided on the back supply periphery 50 a or the frontsupply periphery 50 b of another T-nut, which is next to the one T-nutin the supply track, so as to prevent the front supply periphery or theback supply periphery of the one T-nut from overlaying on the backsupply periphery or the front supply periphery of the another T-nut, andso as to enable the T-nut to be almost perfectly buried into the fixingmaterial with the flange being parallel to the surface of the fixingmaterial.

According to the t-nut of the ninth aspect of the present invention, itis according to any of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth,seventh and eight aspect, and in addition, each of the pairs of theclaws are intervened by a curved edge.

According to the t-nut of the tenth aspect of the present invention, itis according to any of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth,seventh, eight and ninth aspect, and in addition, each of the pairs ofthe claws are intervened by a linear or curved edge, wherein theprojection is formed on a line along the edge, or inside the line alongthe edge, or outside the line along the edge.

According to the t-nut of the eleventh aspect of the present invention,it is according to any of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth,sixth, seventh, eight, ninth and tenth aspect, and in addition, a trenchis formed in a region nearer to the flange portion than a portion bentby caulking in the caulking portion, and in the region of an almostring-shape of the outer diameter of the shank portion, wherein thetrench is formed on at least one of an outer surface and an innersurface by thinning the thickness of the shank to extend the trench in aradial direction of the shank, wherein the trench does not break by aforce worked in an axis direction of the shank, which works on to thefixing material under a use condition in fixing and caulking, whereinthe trench breaks and separates the shank into two fragments when atensile strength is worked beyond a predetermined level.

According to the t-nut of the twelfth aspect of the present invention,it is according to any of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth,sixth, seventh, eight, ninth, tenth and eleventh aspect, and inaddition, the flange portion is formed by the following formula: L>L1,L<L1, or L=L1, wherein “L” represents a side length, and “L1” representsa longitudinal length.

According to the t-nut of the thirteenth aspect of the presentinvention, it is according to any of the first, second, third, fourth,fifth, sixth, seventh, eight, ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth aspect,and in addition, at least a part of an outer surface of the female screwportion, at least one concave portion is formed by depressing the outersurface inside, so as to make it irregular.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1(a) shows an enlarged perspective view of the t-nut having aring-shaped marking line as the first embodiment. FIG. 1(b) shows anengaged perspective view of the t-nut without having a ring-shaped markline as the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 shows enlarged perspective views of the t-nuts as being partiallycut, in which FIG. 2(A) shows the t-nut as shown in FIG. 1(a), and FIG.2(B) shows a t-nut having the projections 64 a, 65 a formed inside thelinier edges.

FIG. 3 shows enlarged cross sectional views of the t-nut at the centerthereof, in which FIG. 3(A) shows the t-nut as shown in FIG. 2(A), andFIG. 3(B) shows the t-nut as shown in FIG. 2(B).

FIG. 4 shows illustrative views of the flange portions of the t-nuts inthe state before as the partially cut edges is bent up to form theprojections, in which FIG. 4(A) shows the t-nut as shown in FIG. 2(A)and FIG. 4(B) shows the t-nut as shown in FIG. 2(B).

FIG. 5 shows illustrative views, in which FIG. 5(A) shows the statewhere the flange portion of the t-nut as shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) iscut to obtain the projections, followed by bending them to form theconvex portions, and FIG. 5(B) shows a flange portion of another t-nutis cut to obtain the projections, followed by bending them to form theconvex portions.

FIG. 6 shows a cross sectional view of the condition where the t-nut asshown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) is engaged into the fixing material.

FIG. 7(a) shows an enlarged perspective view of the t-nut having aring-shaped mark line as the second embodiment. FIG. 7(b) shows anengaged perspective view of the t-nut without having a ring-shaped markline as the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 shows an enlarged perspective view of the t-nut as shown in FIG.1(a), as being partially cut.

FIG. 9 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of the t-nut, at thecenter thereof, showing the female screw portion made irregular.

FIG. 10 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of the t-nut 90 as thethird embodiment of the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 11 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of the t-nut 94 as thefourth embodiment of the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 12 shows a cross sectional view of the t-nut 94 as the fourthembodiment of the present invention, showing the condition where thet-nut 94 is fixed at the penetrating hole of the fixing material bycaulking.

FIG. 13 shows a cross sectional view of the t-nut 90 as the thirdembodiment of the present invention, showing the condition where thet-nut-90 is fixed at the penetrating hole of the fixing material bycaulking.

FIG. 14 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of the t-nut 95 as thefifth embodiment of the-present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 15 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of the t-nut 96 as thesixth embodiment of the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 16 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of another t-nut 77according to the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 17 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of another t-nut 78according to the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 18 shows an enlarged perspective view of another t-nut according tothe present invention.

FIG. 19 shows an enlarged plan view of the t-nut as shown in FIG. 18,partially showing its cross sectional view at the center thereof.

FIG. 20 shows an enlarged perspective view of another t-nut according tothe present invention.

FIG. 21 shows an enlarged perspective view of another t-nut according tothe present invention.

FIG. 22 shows an enlarged plan view of the t-nut, partially showing itscross sectional view at the center thereof.

FIG. 23 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of another t-nutaccording to the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 24 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of another t-nutaccording to the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 25 shows an enlarged perspective view of another t-nut according tothe present invention.

FIG. 26 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of another t-nutaccording to the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 27 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of another t-nutaccording to the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 28 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of another t-nutaccording to the present invention, showing the center thereof.

FIG. 29 shows a perspective view of a prior art t-nut, which isinterested in the present invention.

FIG. 30 shows a bottom view of the t-nut as shown in FIG. 29.

FIG. 31 shows a plan view of the t-nut as shown in FIG. 29.

FIG. 32 shows a perspective view of a prior art t-nut, which isinterested in the present invention.

FIG. 33 shows a perspective view of a prior art t-nut which isinterested in the present invention, showing the condition oftransferring.

FIG. 34 shows a plan view of another prior art t-nut, which isinterested in the present invention.

FIG. 35 shows a bottom view of the t-nut as shown in FIG. 34.

FIG. 36 shows a cross sectional view of the t-nut as shown in FIG. 34,showing the condition in use.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The t-nut of the present invention is described in detail based onpreferred embodiments is as follows. FIGS. 1 to 6 show a firstembodiment of the t-nut 48 of the present invention.

The t-nut can be obtained integrally formed by, for example, processinga metal plate of a ferric series, so as to have a shank portion 49 and aflanged portion 50. The shank portion 49 has a first end and a secondend. The flange portion 50 is projected horizontally and outwardly fromthe first end of the shank portion 49.

The shank portion 49, having a first end and a second end, is shapedinto a cylindrical tube, so as to have a hollow portion therein. Theshank portion 49 closer to the second end is pressed to form a caulkingportion 51. On the other hand, the shank portion 49 closer to the firstend, that is a base portion, is formed to have a female screw on theinside surface of the cylindrical tube of the shank portion 49. Thus,the inner surface of the base portion has a female screw 53. The shankportion closer to the second end, that is the caulking portion 51, has athickness thinner than that of the shank portion closer to the firstend, that is the base portion. The female screw 53 may be formed bysubjecting the inner surface of the shank portion 49 to a screw-formingprocess either from the first end of the shank portion 49 or the secondend of the shank portion 49.

The t-nut 48, as shown in FIG. 3 is described more in detail. The shankportion 49, as shown, has a caulking portion 51, a female screw portion52 and a female screw 53. The shank portion is prepared as follows: Ametal board is provided. A portion to be formed into the flange portion50 is determined on the metal board. The center to be formed into theflange portion 50 is cupped from one of the surfaces of the metal boardto be protruded, the cupped portion of the metal board being then shapedinto the shank portion 49.

Then, a penetrating hole is formed on a tip or bottom of the cuppedportion. The cupped portion closer to the tip or bottom is made thinnerthan the cupped portion closer to the metal board which is not cupped.Thus, the cupped portion closer to the tip or bottom is formed into thecaulking portion 51, and the cupped portion closer to the metal board isformed into the base portion. The base portion may be also called as afemale screw portion 52. The cupped portion to be formed into thecaulking portion 51 is formed to have an outer diameter smaller thanthat of the cupper portion to be formed into the base portion, that isthe female screw portion 52.

Then, while the base portion is almost maintained to have the thicknessthereof, both of the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the baseportion are shrunk or small-sized, coincidently the length of the baseportion being extended. Thereby, a thick portion to be formed into thefemale screw portion 52 and a thin portion to be formed into thecaulking portion 51 are prepared on the shank portion 49, not by ascraping process but by, for example, a deformation process such ascasting. Then, the female screw 53 is formed on the inner surface of thebase portion.

When forming the caulking portion 51 and the female screw portion 52, aring-shaped mark line 54 is formed on the border between the caulkingportion 51 and the base portion, that is female screw portion 52.According to the present invention, it is possible that the ring-shapedmark line 54 may be omitted to be formed on the outer surface thereof,as shown in FIG. 1(b).

The first pair of claws 55, 56 and the second pair of claws 57, 58 areformed on the outer edge of the flange portion 50. These claws 55 to 58directions vertically to be along the shank portion 49. Each of theclaws in pairs faces each other across the first radial direction of theflange portion 50. The first radial direction extends from the centeraxis of the shank portion to extend horizontally. These claws 55 to 58are formed by cutting the flange portion 50 at the first edge and thesecond edge. Each of the claws 55 to 58 as shown in FIG. 1 has anengrailed edge, which improves the engagement of the t-nut with thefixing material, such as wood. However, it is possible to omit formingthe engrailed edge at the claws.

The flange portion 50 has a pair of flat portions 59 horizontally andoutwardly projected from the first end of the shank portion 49. Each ofthe flat portions 59 is symmetrically formed across the shank portion49. The flat portion is also placed on a second line BB, which extendsfrom the center of the shank portion 49. The second line BB crosses withthe first line, which places the claws 55 to 58, at an angle of 900, asshown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The flat portions 59 are adapted fortransferring the t-nut on the guide rail of the t-nut fixing machine.The flange portion, when viewed vertically from the above, is almostoctagonal. In particular, liner edges 60, 61 are placed between thefirst pair of the claws 55, 56 and between the second pair of the claws57, 58, as shown in FIG. 5.

On the first edge 60 and between the claws 55, 56, and on the secondedge 61 between the claws 57, 58, which are explained above, the flangeportion 50 is cut to have convex portions 62, 63 to extend toward thedirection of the first radial direction A-A of the flange portion 50.The convex portions 62, 63 are then bent vertically to be along theclaws 55 to 58, so as to from edge projections 64, 65. That is, thet-nut of the present invention has a flange portion 50 having edgeprojection 64, 65 formed by bending the first and second edges, so as toform the edge projections 64, 65 facing the above. The edge projections64, 65 may be located on the first and the second edges, or inside thefirst and the second edges, or outside the first and the second edges.

Each of the edge projections 64, 65 has and edge facing the above, sothat the edge projections 64, 65 can be easily engaged into the fixingmaterial 67, such as wood. The edge projection 64, 65 is formed into ashape having a pointed tip, and for example, a half ellipsoid of cuttingan ellipsoid at its short axis, having a small round top 66, as shown inthe drawings. Also, each of the projections 64, 65 has an almost uniformthickness. The shape of the edge projections 64, 65 is not limited tothe embodiment shown in the drawings, and it may be possible to bemodified into any shape, thickness and size so long as each of the edgeprojections has a structure having an edge of the flange portion 50facing up and, thereby, engaged easily into the fixing material 67. Thebase of the convex portions 62, 63 may be continuously extended from thefirst pair of the claws 55, 56 and the second pair of the claws 57, 58,so long as these convex portions 62, 63 are bent up to form edgeprojections facing the above.

See FIGS. 1 and 5. The first edge projection 64 is formed between thefirst pair of claws 55, 56, and the second edge projection 65 is formedbetween the second pair of claws 57, 58. Between the first edgeprojection 64 and each of the first pair of the claws 55, 56, a rightfront supply edge 50 a and left front supply edge 50 a are placed. Also,between the second edge projection 65 and each of the second pair of theclaws 57, 58, a right back supply edge 50 b and left back supply edge 50b are placed. When the t-nuts are continuously fed on a feeding trackprovided on a nut fixing machine, continuously fixing a plurality of thet-nuts on a fixing material 67, the right and left back supply edges 50b of a t-nut in a line contact the right and left front edges 50 a ofanother t-nut, which is backwardly next to the former t-nut. The edgeprojections 64, 65 of the former t-nut also contact projections 64, 65of the latter t-nut. Thereby, the former t-nut, which is fed on afeeding track in a line, is avoided from overlaying the latter t-nutwhich is backwardly adjacent to the former t-nut on the feeding track.

The t-nut 48 is fixed into the fixing material 67as shown in FIG. 6.Namely, into a predetermined hole 68 of the fixing material 67, theshank portion 49 is inserted, and under such condition, a caulkingprocess is performed on the caulking portion 51, and the claws 55, 56,57, 58 is made engaged into the fixing material 67. Even at the finalstage of knocking or hammering the claws 55 to 58 into the fixingmaterial 67, the edge projections 64, 65, as explained above, aresmoothly and easily engaged into the fixing material, so as to bury theclaws of the t-nut almost completely into the fixing material 67. Inaddition, the surface of the flange portion 50 of the t-nut ismaintained parallel to the surface of the fixing material 67, as shownin FIG. 6. As a result, the t-nut 48 is very less likely to be fixed ina gradient condition and, therefore, the t-nut fixed on the fixingmaterial 67 may firmly hold attachment components. The attachmentcomponents are omitted to be shown in the drawings.

Also, as explained above a plurality of the t-nuts 48 are continuouslyand in a line fed on a supply track provided on a nut fixing machine,and fixed on a fixing material 67. At the feeding in the fixing machine,the edge projections 64, 65 of the t-nut 48 faces up so that the flangeportions of the t-nuts in a line does not overlay one above the other,especially between the first pair of the claws 55, 56 and between thesecond pair of the claws 57, 58.

Further, the t-nut 48 is fixed on the fixing material 67 by the claws 55to 58, so that the t-nut 48 does not rotate about the fixing material67. In addition, since the flange portion 50 and the caulking portion 5la caulk the fixing material as shown in FIG. 6, fixing material 67 maynot be easily separated and detached from the caulked t-nut. Therefore,the t-nut 48 results in firmly fixing on the fixing material 67, and itscondition for fixing is maintained for semi-permanence.

FIG. 7(a) shows a second embodiment of the t-nut 69 according to thepresent invention. For convenience, the same portions as the t-nut 48 asdescribed before are numbered by the same symbols of the t-nut 48. Thet-nut 69 as shown has a first pair of claws 55, 56 formed on the firstedge and a second pair of claws 57, 58 formed on the second edge 70. Thefirst edge and the second edge 70 are curved. The first edge is omittedto show in the drawings because the first pair of the claws 55, 56formed on the first edge is symmetric to the second pair of the claws57, 58 formed on the second edge 70, according to the second embodimentof the present invention. The t-nut 69 also has a ring-shaped markingline 54, which is formed when forming the caulking portion 51 and thebase portion, that is female screw portion 52. The ring-shaped markingline 54 is formed on the outer surface on the border between thecaulking portion 51 and the female screw portion 52. Though FIG. 7(a)shows the ring-shaped mark line 54, it is possible that the ring-shapedmark line 54 is omitted to be formed as shown in FIG. 7(b). All thestructures of the t-nut 69 except the first and the second edge 70, ascurved, are the same as those of the t-nut 48, as shown in FIG. 1. Thesame symbols are used on the same portions and, therefore, duplicatedescription is omitted. Also, the functions and effects of the t-nut 69is the same as those of the t-nut 48, so that duplicated description isomitted.

Also, the edge projections 64, 65 are formed by bending the convexportions of the t-nut 69 up. Each of the edge projections 64, 65 may beplaced on the first and the second edge 70, or inside the first and thesecond edge 70, or outside the first and the second edge 70. The edgeprojections 64, 65 are extended between the first pair of the claws 55,56, and between the second pair of the claws 57, 58.

The t-nuts 48 are continuously and in a line fed on a supply trackprovided on a nut fixing machine, and they are fixed on the fixingmaterial 67. The t-nut of the present invention, as explained above, donot overlay one above the other, especially between the first pair ofthe claws 55, 56, and between the claws 57, 58. In addition, each of theedge projections of the t-nut faces the edge of the flange up, so thatthe t-nut may be engage the claws into the fixing material 67completely. In addition, the flange portion, when fixed on the fixingmaterial 67, is conditioned to be parallel to the fixing material. Solong as such functions and effects are satisfied, the t-nut may beformed in any shape and size. In the drawings, the end projections ifformed by bending the edge of the flange portion at an angle of 90°.However, the present invention is not limited to bending at an angle of90°, but may be bent at an angle of less than 90° or more than 90°. Whenthe edge of the flange portion is bent at an angle of less than 90°, theedge projections 64, 65 are placed outside the first and second edges70. On the other hand, when the edge of the flange portion is bent at anangle of more than 90°, the edge projections 64, 65 are placed insidethe first and second edges 70.

FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the t-nut 90 of the presentinvention, having edge projections 64, 65. The same symbols are used asthose of the t-nuts as the first and second embodiments for convenience.

The t-nut 90 is integrally formed of a metal material, having a shankportion 49 with a first end and a second end, and a flange portion 50extending horizontally and outwardly from the first end of the shankportion 50.

The shank portion 49 has a bump portion 91 formed on the shank portion.On the border of the bump portion 91, the shank portion 49 has atip-side cylinder portion 92 closer to the second end of the shankportion, and a base-side enlarged cylinder portion 93 closer to thefirst end of the shank portion. The inner surface of the base-sideenlarged cylinder portion 93 has an inner diameter larger than that ofthe tip-side cylinder portion 92, and the outer surface of the base-sideenlarged cylinder portion 93 has an outer diameter larger than that ofthe tip-side cylinder portion 92.

The tip-side cylinder portion 92 has a caulking portion 51 formed fromthe second end for a predetermined length, terminating at a point aboutthe half length of the tip-side cylinder portion 92. Except the caulkingportion 51, a female screw 53 is formed on the inner surface of theshank portion 49. The portion forming the female screw 53 is a femalescrew portion 52. The female screw portion 52 has an inner diametersmaller than the caulking portion 51. The t-nut 90 has the female screw53 continuously formed from the first end for a given length,terminating at a point about the half length of the tip-side cylinderportion 92.

A first pair of claws 55, 56 is formed on the first edge of the flangeportion 50. A second pair of claws 57, 58 (not shown in the drawing) isformed on the second edge of the flange 50. These claws 55 to 58 areformed by cutting the first and second edges of the flange portion 50,and bend them up so as to extend vertically along the shank portion 49.Each of the claws in pairs faces each other across a first radialdirection of the flange portion 50. The first radial direction extendshorizontally from the center axis of the shank portion 49.

The flange portion 50 has a pair of flat portions (not shown in thedrawing) projecting outwardly and horizontally from the first end of theshank portion 49. The pair of the flat portions is formed symmetrically,placing on a second radial direction. The second radial directionextends horizontally from the center axis of the shank portion 49,crossing the first radial direction at an angle of 900. Each of theclaws in pairs 55, 56, 57, 58 is placed adjacent to each other. Each ofthe claws is extended from a liner edge or a curved edge. The flangeportion 50, when viewed from the above, is shaped, as a whole, into anexact or almost octagonal form.

As explained above, the first pair of the claws 55, 56 and the secondpair of the claws 57, 58 are placed symmetrically. Between the firstpair of the claws 55, 56 and between the second pair of the claws 57,convex portions 62, 63 are formed by cutting edges of the flange portion50. The convex portions 62, 63 are also located on the first radialdirection of the flange portion 50. Similar to the first and secondembodiments of the t-nut, the convex portions 62, 63 are bent up to facethe edge to the above, so as to form the edge projections 64, 65. Theedge projections 64, 65 are placed on the first and second edges, orinside the first and second edges, or outside the first and secondedges.

The t-nut 90 is fixed to the fixing material in the same manner asexplained in connection with the t-nut 48 as the first embodiment. SeeFIG. 6. FIG. 12 shows the condition of the attachment of the t-nut 90,but further explanation, therefore, is omitted.

FIG. 11 shows a t-nut 94 as a fourth embodiment of the presentinvention, having edge projections 64, 65. A bump portion 91 forms todivide the t-nut into the tip side cylinder portion 92 and a base-sideenlarged cylinder portion 93. The ring-shaped marking line 54 forms todivide the t-nut into a caulking portion 51 and a base portion. That is,the ring-shaped marking line 54 is formed on the outer surface of thetip-side cylinder portion 92 at a border between the caulking portion 51and the base portion, that is female screw portion 52. The base-sideenlarged cylinder portion 93 of the t-nut 94 is shaped into acylindrical tube, having both an inner diameter and an outer diameterlarger thereof than those of the tip-side cylinder portion 92. Also, thefemale screw is formed at the base portion at the inner surface of thetip-side cylinder portion 92, extending between the bump portion 91 andthe border, which corresponds to the ring-shaped marking line 54. Theother portions are formed in the same manner as the t-nut 90 as thethird embodiment, so that the same portions are identified as the samesymbols and further explanation is omitted. The t-nut 94 may be attachedon a fixing material 67 in a similar manner to the explanation as statedin connection with the t-nut 48 as the first embodiment, as shown inFIG. 6. FIG. 13 shows the condition of the attachment of the t-nut 94,and further explanation is omitted.

FIG. 14 shows a t-nut 95 as a fifth embodiment of the present invention,having the edge projections 64, 65. FIG. 15 shows a t-nut 96 as a sixthembodiment of the present invention, having the edge projections 64, 65.The t-nuts 95, 96 is designed to have the caulking portion 92 of theshank portion 49 having an inner diameter larger than the female screwportion 52. Of course, the caulking portion 92 of the shank portion 49is thinner than the female screw portion 52. The other portions areformed in the same manner as the t-nut. 94 as the fourth embodiment asshown in FIG. 11, and the t-nut 90 as the third embodiment shown in FIG.10, so that the same portions are identified as the same symbols andfurther explanation is omitted. According to the t-nuts 90, 94, 95, 96as the third, fourth, fifth and sixth embodiments shown in FIGS. 10, 11,14 and 15, the bump portion 91 is provided at the base-side enlargedcylinder portion 93 closer to the flange portion 50. The tip-sidecylinder portion 92, including the caulking portion 51 and the femalescrew portion 52, may be designed to be shorter than a conventionalt-nut. Therefore, even if the shank portion 49 is made long, the lengthat the female screw portion 52 is not made longer than necessary, andmay be designed to be the shortest so long as the product is accordingto the standard of measure (Industrial Standard) such as JIS.

As explained above, the base-side enlarged cylinder portion 93 isdesigned to have a cylindrical tube, in which the inner diameter andouter diameter thereof are larger than those of the tip-side cylinderportion 92. At the time of using the t-nut of the present invention, theshank portion 49 is knocked and hammered into a penetrating hole of afixing material 67, whose diameter is almost the same as the outerdiameter of the tip-side cylinder portion 92. At that time, thebase-side enlarged cylinder portion 93 is inserted into the hole underpressure, avoiding generation of a gap between the outer surface of thetip-side cylinder portion 92 and the inner surface of the penetratinghole, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. Therefore, the t-nut can be firmlyfixed to the fixing material.

Also, the t-nut of the present invention, as explained above, has theedge projections 64, 65, which may be modified into the t-nuts 77, 78 asshown in FIGS. 16-28. For convenience, the symbols are used as the samemanner as the first to sixth embodiments, and further explanation isomitted. These t-nuts 77, 78 has a trench 90 formed on the region wherethe shank portion 49 is bent at the time of caulking. The trench iscircumferentially formed on the outer surface and/or inner surfacediameter of the shank portion 49. The trench 92 does not break by aforce worked in an axis direction, which works on to the fixing materialunder a use condition in fixing and caulking, but breaks and separatesthe shank portion into two fragments when a tensile strength beyond apredetermined level is applied. The trench is formed on the outersurface and the inner surface, or on the outer surface or on the innersurface, by partially thinning the thickness of the shank portion 49.Instead, a plurality of craters 92 as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 may beformed circumferentially on the shank portion. Therefore, according tothe present invention, the trench may be any shape and size, includingcraters 92, so long as the functions as explained in connection with thetrench 90 above is accomplished.

Under a condition of caulking of the t-nut on the fixing material, theshank portion 49 of the t-nuts 77, 78 as shown in FIGS. 16-28 may beeasily separated into two fragments at the thinned portion, that istrench 92, by applying a specific tool which generates a tensile stressin the direction of the central axis at the trench. As a result, thet-nut, in which the flange portion 50 and the caulking portion 51 holdsthe fixing material on their upper and lower surfaces, may be easilydetached from the fixing material. Therefore, when a product which isfixed by caulking by these t-nuts is no longer in use, the fixingmaterial, such as wood, may be separately collected for recycling use.

The trench 90 may be continuously formed around the shank portion, ordiscontinuously formed at least a part of the shank. Instead, the trench90 may be formed on at least one of the inner surface and the outersurface of the shank portion 49, for example, near the border betweenthe caulking portion 51 and the base portion. Instead, the trenches 90may be formed on both of the inner surface and the outer surface of theshank portion 49, for example, near the border between the caulkingportion 51 and the base portion, each of the trenched being opposed toeach other.

The trench 90 may have an almost flat bottom surface having apredetermined width, or an almost flat bottom surface having apredetermined width. Also, the trench 90 formed on the outer surface ofthe shank portion 49 may be formed to be opposed to the bottom surface fthe trench formed on the inner surface of the shank portion. Also, thetrench 90 may be further provided with a wrinkle trench having a widthsmaller than the width of the trench 90, especially at the inner surfaceof the shank portion 49. Further, the trench 90 may preferably have across section selected from the group consisting of V-shape, U-shape andC-shape.

Also, the caulking portion 51 of the shank portion 49 may have an innerdiameter larger than that of the portion 91 besides the caulkingportion, and the outer diameter of the caulking portion 51 issubstantially the same as that of the portion besides the caulkingportion. Also, the caulking portion 51 of the shank portion 49 may havean inner diameter larger than that of the portion 91 besides thecaulking portion, and the outer diameter of the caulking portion 51 islarger than that of the portion besides the caulking portion.

Also, at the inner surface of the portion 91 besides the caulkingportion, it may be possible to provide a region of thin thickness, bydepressing for a predetermined width in the direction of the extensionof the shank portion 49, where the female screw is not formed, and thetrench 90 may be formed on the outer surface or the inner surface of theregion of thin thickness.

Also, it is possible that compared with the portion 91 besides thecaulking portion 51, the trench 90 is formed by being extended in thedirection of the radial direction of the shank portion 49, at the borderbetween the caulking portion 51 and the portion 91 besides the caulkingportion 51. In this case, the inner and outer diameters of the caulkingportion 51 are partially shrunk or enlarged.

See FIG. 4. In the T-nut as described above, the flange portion isshaped, as a whole, into an exact or almost octagonal form, having thefollowing relationship: L>L1, L<L1, or L=L1, wherein “L” represents aside length of the flange portion, and “L1” represents a longitudinallength thereof. In particular, the side length and the longitudinallength are preferably satisfy with the following formula:0.7≦(L/L1)≦1.3.

FIG. 9 shows a structure effectively to avoid a bolt attached to the CBhoper feed T-nut from loosing, if provided on the female screw portion52 of the T-nut of the present invention. Namely, the outer surface ofthe female screw portion 52 is partially depressed inwardly, as shown inthe drawing. Thus, the outer surface of the female screw portion 52 hastwo concave portions 72, 73 at an interval angle of 180°. The concaveportions 72, 73 is formed by sandwiching a predetermined portion of thefemale screw portion 52 by means of an appropriate tool, followed bystrongly pressing it in the direction of the female screw portion 52.The drawing shows two concave portions 72, 73, but the numbers of theconcave portion is not limited to two, and may be one or three or more.

As a result, the female screw 53, having the concave portions, ispartially made irregular. Due to such irregular portions 74, 75, a bolt,not shown in the drawing, is screw-engaged with the female screw 53, byapplying a comparatively large force in order to rotate the bolt becauseof the irregular portion. At that time, a portion 76 of the female screwmay be deformed at the irregular portions 74, 75. As a result, the boltis locked at the female screw 53 under a screw-engagement condition,thereby avoiding the bolt from loosing from the t-nut.

The t-nut of the present invention is not limited to the shapes of thedrawings, and may be modified into various shapes.

[Effect of the Invention]

As explained above, the t-nut of the present invention has the edgeprojections formed between the claws in pairs, which are formed bycutting the edges of the flange portion to form convex portions,followed by bending them up to along the shank portion, each claws inpairs being placed adjacent to each other. Therefore, while a pluralityof the t-nuts are supplied on a supply track provided on a nut applyingmachine, the flange portions of t-nuts, fed continuously and in a line,do not overlay one above the other.

Also, the t-nut of the present invention may engage its edge projectionscompletely into the fixing material, even at the final stage of theknocking or hammering the claws into the fixing material. Therefore, thet-nut of the present invention does not generate a gap between the outersurface of the fixing material and the flange portion fixed. Inaddition, the t-nut of the present invention may be engaged into thefixing material with keeping the proper condition, avoiding from beingengaged in an inclined manner with respect to the penetrating hole ofthe fixing material. Also, even if the fixing material is made of a woodor synthesis resin, the edge projections may be easily engaged into thefixing material, so as to avoid generation of a crack near thepenetrating hole of the fixing material. Therefore, a bolt may becompletely engaged with the female screw of the t-nut, so that anattachment component may be stably fixed with the fixing material.Further, it is unnecessary to consider making the length of the shankportion slightly long in view of the portion not engaged completely,which involves in a conventional t-nut. Therefore, this may reduce theproduction cost and sales cost of the t-nut of the present invention.

The symbols in the description are summarized below: 48: t-nut, 49:shank portion, 50: flange portion, 51: caulking portion (tip portion),52: female screw portion (base portion), 53: female screw, 54:ring-shape mark line, 55 to 58: claw, 59: flat portion, 60: linier edge,61: linier edge, 62, 63: convex portion, 62 a, 63 b: convex portion, 64,65: projection, 64 a, 65 b: projection, 67: fixing material, 68:penetrating hole, 70, 71: curved edge, 72, 73: crater, 74, 75: irregularportion, 91: bump portion, 92: tip-side cylinder portion, 93: base-sideenlarged cylinder portion,

1. A t-nut integrally formed of a metal material, comprising: (i) ashank portion shaped in a cylindrical tube extending vertically, havinga first end and a second end, comprising: a base portion formed asplaced closer to the first end than a border, the border being formedbetween the first end and the second end; a caulking portion formed asplaced closer to the second end than the border; and a female screwformed on an inner surface of the base portion, and (ii) a flangeportion extending horizontally from the first end of the shank portion,having a first edge and a second edge opposed to the first edge,comprising: a first pair of claws formed on the first edge to extendalong the shank portion; a first projection formed between the firstpair of the claws, formed by partially bending up the first edge; asecond pair of claws formed on the second edge to extend along the shankportion; and a second projection formed between the second pair of theclaws, formed by partially bending up the second edge.
 2. A t-nutaccording to claim 1, wherein the first edge and the second edge of theflange portion are liner.
 3. A t-nut according to claim 1, wherein thefirst edge and the second edge of the flange portion are curved.
 4. At-nut according to claim 1, wherein the shank portion further comprisesa ring-shaped mark line formed on the border.
 5. A t-nut according toclaim 1, wherein the shank portion further comprises a first bumpportion placed between the first end and the second end, wherein theshank portion placed closer to the second end than the first bumpportion has an inner diameter and an outer diameter smaller than thoseof the shank portion placed closer to the first end than the first bumpportion.
 6. A t-nut according to claim 1, wherein the female screw isformed to extend from the first end to the border.
 7. A t-nut accordingto claim 5, wherein the female screw is formed from the first bumpportion to the border.
 8. A t-nut according to claim 5, wherein theshank portion further comprises a second bump portion intermediatelybetween the first bump portion and the second end.
 9. A t-nut accordingto claim 8, wherein the second bump portion corresponds to the border,wherein the shank portion placed closer to the second end than thesecond bump portion has an inner diameter and an outer diameter largerthan the shank portion placed between the first bump portion and thesecond bump portion, and wherein the shank portion placed closer to thefirst end than the first bump portion has an inner diameter and an outerdiameter larger than the shank portion placed between the first bumpportion and the second bump portion.
 10. A t-nut according to claim 9,wherein the female screw is formed from the first end to the border. 11.A t-nut according to claim 9, wherein the female screw is formed fromthe first bump portion to the border.
 12. A t-nut according to claim 1,wherein the shank portion further comprises a trench circumferentiallyformed between the first end and the second end, wherein the trenchbrakes the T-nut into two fragments at the time when the t-nut issubjected to a predetermined tensile strength or more, for recycling amaterial caulked by the T-nut.
 13. A t-nut according to claim 1, whereinthe base portion is partially depressed to make the female screwpartially irregular.